fix: implement group commit collection window (500µs or 32KB)

Replace polling loop (Collect + Sleep) with proper batch collection:
- Block on first request via channel receive
- Start 500µs timer for collection window
- Accumulate requests until timer fires or batch reaches 32KB
- Shutdown handling at all blocking points

Design doc §3.2.5: '等待组提交触发（500µs 或 32KB，先到者触发）'

Add GroupCommitDelay config field (default 500µs, must be > 0 and < 10ms).

config/config.go

@@ -4,14 +4,14 @@ package config
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"math"
+	"time"
 )
 
 // WAL format constants derived from the binary layout specification.
 const (
-	walFileHeaderSize       uint64 = 32
-	walBlockSize            uint32 = 32 * 1024 // 32KB
+	walFileHeaderSize        uint64 = 32
 	physicalRecordHeaderSize uint64 = 7
-	walBatchHeaderSize      uint64 = 18 // flags(2) + baseSequence(8) + entryCount(4) + entriesSize(4)
+	walBatchHeaderSize       uint64 = 18 // flags(2) + baseSequence(8) + entryCount(4) + entriesSize(4)
 )
 
 // WalConfig holds configuration for the Write-Ahead Log subsystem.
@@ -38,6 +38,10 @@ type WalConfig struct {
 	// Default: 4MB.
 	MaxBatchSize uint32
 
+	// GroupCommitDelay is the maximum time to collect requests before writing a
+	// WAL group commit batch. Default: 500µs. Must be > 0 and < 10ms.
+	GroupCommitDelay time.Duration
+
 	// MaxKeyBytes is the maximum size of a single key in bytes.
 	// Default: 4KB.
 	MaxKeyBytes uint32
@@ -60,12 +64,13 @@ type WalConfig struct {
 func Defaults() WalConfig {
 	return WalConfig{
 		MaxSegmentSize:    64 * 1024 * 1024, // 64MB
-		BlockSize:         32 * 1024,         // 32KB
+		BlockSize:         32 * 1024,        // 32KB
 		SyncMode:          "always",
 		MaxBatchEntries:   10000,
 		MaxBatchSize:      4 * 1024 * 1024, // 4MB
-		MaxKeyBytes:       4 * 1024,        // 4KB
-		MaxInlineValue:    4 * 1024,        // 4KB
+		GroupCommitDelay:  500 * time.Microsecond,
+		MaxKeyBytes:       4 * 1024,         // 4KB
+		MaxInlineValue:    4 * 1024,         // 4KB
 		MemTableSize:      64 * 1024 * 1024, // 64MB
 		MaxImmutableCount: 3,
 	}
@@ -89,6 +94,9 @@ func (c *WalConfig) applyDefaults() {
 	if c.MaxBatchSize == 0 {
 		c.MaxBatchSize = d.MaxBatchSize
 	}
+	if c.GroupCommitDelay == 0 {
+		c.GroupCommitDelay = d.GroupCommitDelay
+	}
 	if c.MaxKeyBytes == 0 {
 		c.MaxKeyBytes = d.MaxKeyBytes
 	}
@@ -121,6 +129,10 @@ func (c *WalConfig) Validate() error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("config: MaxImmutableCount must be >= 1, got %d", c.MaxImmutableCount)
 	}
 
+	if c.GroupCommitDelay <= 0 || c.GroupCommitDelay >= 10*time.Millisecond {
+		return fmt.Errorf("config: GroupCommitDelay must be > 0 and < 10ms, got %s", c.GroupCommitDelay)
+	}
+
 	// --- Checked arithmetic invariant validation ---
 	// Mirrors the derivation in docs/design.md § WAL Segment Rotation.
 

config/config_test.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package config
 
 import (
 	"testing"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
@@ -13,17 +14,42 @@ func TestValidateDefaults(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err, "default WalConfig should pass validation")
 
 	d := Defaults()
+	assert.Equal(t, 500*time.Microsecond, d.GroupCommitDelay)
 	assert.Equal(t, d.MaxSegmentSize, cfg.MaxSegmentSize, "MaxSegmentSize should be defaulted")
 	assert.Equal(t, d.BlockSize, cfg.BlockSize, "BlockSize should be defaulted")
 	assert.Equal(t, d.SyncMode, cfg.SyncMode, "SyncMode should be defaulted")
 	assert.Equal(t, d.MaxBatchEntries, cfg.MaxBatchEntries, "MaxBatchEntries should be defaulted")
 	assert.Equal(t, d.MaxBatchSize, cfg.MaxBatchSize, "MaxBatchSize should be defaulted")
+	assert.Equal(t, d.GroupCommitDelay, cfg.GroupCommitDelay, "GroupCommitDelay should be defaulted")
 	assert.Equal(t, d.MaxKeyBytes, cfg.MaxKeyBytes, "MaxKeyBytes should be defaulted")
 	assert.Equal(t, d.MaxInlineValue, cfg.MaxInlineValue, "MaxInlineValue should be defaulted")
 	assert.Equal(t, d.MemTableSize, cfg.MemTableSize, "MemTableSize should be defaulted")
 	assert.Equal(t, d.MaxImmutableCount, cfg.MaxImmutableCount, "MaxImmutableCount should be defaulted")
 }
 
+func TestValidateGroupCommitDelay(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name  string
+		delay time.Duration
+		want  string
+	}{
+		{name: "negative delay", delay: -time.Microsecond, want: "GroupCommitDelay"},
+		{name: "ten milliseconds rejected", delay: 10 * time.Millisecond, want: "GroupCommitDelay"},
+		{name: "above ten milliseconds rejected", delay: 11 * time.Millisecond, want: "GroupCommitDelay"},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			cfg := Defaults()
+			cfg.GroupCommitDelay = tt.delay
+
+			err := cfg.Validate()
+			require.Error(t, err)
+			assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), tt.want)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestValidateSegmentTooSmall(t *testing.T) {
 	cfg := WalConfig{MaxSegmentSize: 1024}
 	err := cfg.Validate()

wal/writer.go

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ import (
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/dailz/go-kv/errkit"
 	"github.com/dailz/go-kv/config"
+	"github.com/dailz/go-kv/errkit"
 	"github.com/dailz/go-kv/memtable"
 )
 
@@ -101,24 +101,67 @@ func NewWalWriter(cfg *config.WalConfig, dir string, startSegmentID uint64, star
 
 func (ww *WalWriter) runLoop() {
 	defer ww.wg.Done()
+	const batchSizeThreshold = 32 * 1024
+
 	for {
 		select {
 		case <-ww.done:
 			ww.processRemaining()
 			return
-		default:
-		}
+		case req, ok := <-ww.queue.ch:
+			if !ok {
+				ww.processRemaining()
+				return
+			}
 
-		requests := ww.queue.Collect()
-		if len(requests) == 0 {
-			time.Sleep(100 * time.Microsecond)
-			continue
-		}
+			requests := []*CommitRequest{req}
+			accumulatedSize := estimateRequestSize(req)
+			timer := time.NewTimer(ww.cfg.GroupCommitDelay)
 
-		ww.processBatch(requests)
+		collect:
+			for accumulatedSize < batchSizeThreshold {
+				select {
+				case <-timer.C:
+					break collect
+				case req, ok := <-ww.queue.ch:
+					if !ok {
+						break collect
+					}
+					requests = append(requests, req)
+					accumulatedSize += estimateRequestSize(req)
+				case <-ww.done:
+					if !timer.Stop() {
+						select {
+						case <-timer.C:
+						default:
+						}
+					}
+					ww.sendError(requests, errkit.ErrWriteStopped)
+					ww.processRemaining()
+					return
+				}
+			}
+
+			if !timer.Stop() {
+				select {
+				case <-timer.C:
+				default:
+				}
+			}
+
+			ww.processBatch(requests)
+		}
 	}
 }
 
+func estimateRequestSize(req *CommitRequest) int {
+	size := 0
+	for _, entry := range req.Entries {
+		size += len(entry.Key) + len(entry.Value) + 4
+	}
+	return size
+}
+
 func (ww *WalWriter) processRemaining() {
 	for {
 		requests := ww.queue.Collect()